True Cost

Buy vs Rent Calculator

Model the long-term financial impact of buying versus renting. Enter your home details, rental market, and market assumptions to see which option builds more wealth over your chosen time horizon — including full mortgage payment breakdown and tax benefit analysis.

$
%

$80,000 down · $320,000 loan

%
%
$
$
%
%

$16,000

Monthly Breakdown

Total Monthly Cost$2,906
Principal & Interest
$2,023
Property Tax
$400
Insurance
$150
Maintenance
$333
Loan Amount
$320,000
Down Payment
$80,000
Upfront Costs
$96,000

Upfront Cost Breakdown

Down Payment (20%)$80,000
Closing Costs (4%)$16,000
Total Cash Needed$96,000

Is buying actually better than renting?

Compare net worth outcomes over your time horizon.

Want the full picture — taxes, buy vs rent comparison, and net worth projection?

See full affordability analysis →
Buy vs Rent — Guide & Research
🏡

Buy vs Rent: What the Numbers Actually Show

The popular wisdom — "renting is throwing money away" — is wrong. So is the opposite. Buying wins over long hold periods in most markets; renting wins when you move frequently or when prices are extremely high relative to rents. The math hinges on three numbers: how long you stay, local appreciation, and what renters do with the capital they don't put into a down payment.

The key insight most comparisons miss: a renter's down payment doesn't disappear — it can be invested. At 7% average stock market returns, a $60,000 down payment grows to ~$118,000 in 10 years. That compounding return is the renter's biggest financial advantage, and any honest comparison must account for it.

4–7 yrs

Typical break-even

Most U.S. markets

2–5%

Closing costs (buy)

Of purchase price

1–2%/yr

Maintenance cost

Of home value

📊

True Cost Comparison

Both options carry costs that aren't obvious upfront. Here's what you're actually comparing:

Cost CategoryBuyingRenting
Upfront cost3–8% of price1–2 months deposit
Monthly housing costP&I + tax + insRent only
Maintenance1–2%/yrNone (landlord pays)
FlexibilityLow (sell takes time)High
Equity buildingYes — principal + apprNone directly
Capital compoundingDown payment locked inCan invest freely
Inflation hedgeStrong — fixed P&IWeak — rent rises
📈

When Does Buying Beat Renting?

Buying wins on a net-worth basis when you stay long enough for equity accumulation and appreciation to outpace the renter's investment advantage. The price-to-rent ratio is the fastest shorthand for how hard the math will be:

Below 15×

Buying strongly favored

Rent is high relative to price — buying pays off quickly

15–20×

Buying slightly favored

Typical U.S. market — buying wins in 4–6 years

20–30×

Close call — time horizon matters

High-cost market — need 6–10 years to break even

Above 30×

Renting often wins short-term

NYC/SF range — buying requires 10+ year horizon

Price-to-rent ratio = home price ÷ annual rent. A $400,000 home renting for $2,000/mo = 16.7×.

🔍

Hidden Costs of Homeownership

The mortgage payment is just one part of what you actually pay to own. These costs often surprise first-time buyers — and they're included in our calculator.

🔧Maintenance

1–2% of value/yr

HVAC, roof, plumbing, appliances — budget for it monthly

🛡️PMI

0.5–1.5%/yr on loan

Required when down payment is below 20%; drops off at 80% LTV

🏘️HOA Fees

$0–$1,000+/mo

Common in condos and planned communities; can rise over time

🏛️Property Tax

0.5–2.5%/yr

Varies widely by state — included in your monthly PITI payment

📝Closing Costs

2–5% upfront

Lender fees, title, escrow, prepaid insurance — due at closing

🏷️Selling Costs

5–8% when you sell

Agent commissions plus transfer taxes reduce net proceeds

Buy vs Rent — Frequently Asked Questions

Is it better to buy or rent a home?

Neither is universally better — it depends on how long you stay, local home prices and rents, appreciation rates, and your tax situation. Buying builds equity and locks in your housing cost, but requires a large upfront investment and carries maintenance costs. Renting offers flexibility and frees capital for other investments. In most markets, buying beats renting if you stay at least 4–7 years.

How long do you need to stay to make buying worth it?

The typical break-even point — where buying beats renting on a net-worth basis — is 4–7 years in most U.S. markets. High-cost markets like San Francisco and NYC can push break-even to 8–12 years. Low-cost markets where prices are reasonable relative to rents may break even in 2–3 years. Use our calculator to find your specific break-even based on your local appreciation rate and rent.

What appreciation rate do I need for buying to beat renting?

At a 10-year horizon, most buyers need roughly 2–4% annual appreciation for buying to build more wealth than renting, assuming the renter invests their down payment difference at 7%. In higher-cost cities, that threshold rises. The calculator's break-even sensitivity tab shows exactly what appreciation rate tips the balance in your specific situation.

What is the renter's investment advantage?

Renters avoid the down payment (typically 10–20% of purchase price) and closing costs (~2–5%). If invested in index funds at 7% average annual returns, a $60,000 down payment grows to roughly $118,000 in 10 years. This is the renter's biggest advantage — the down payment keeps compounding rather than sitting as home equity.

Does the mortgage interest deduction make buying cheaper?

Only if you itemize deductions, which requires total deductions to exceed the standard deduction ($15,000 single / $30,000 married in 2026). Because the standard deduction is high, only about 10–15% of taxpayers now itemize — down sharply from before the 2017 tax law. Higher-income buyers with large mortgages and property tax bills are most likely to benefit.

Should I buy or rent in a high-cost city?

In high-cost cities like San Francisco, NYC, Seattle, and Boston, price-to-rent ratios are often 30–40x (meaning annual rent is 2.5–3.3% of purchase price). At those ratios, renting and investing the difference frequently wins over short holding periods. Buying still makes sense for long-term stability, but the financial case requires a longer horizon — typically 7–12 years.

How much does renting cost over 10 years compared to buying?

It depends entirely on local rents and purchase prices. As a rough benchmark: a renter paying $2,500/month (growing 3%/year) spends roughly $345,000 over 10 years with nothing to show as equity. A buyer at the same monthly cost builds equity through principal paydown and appreciation. The calculator models both paths year by year so you can compare your specific numbers.

Buy vs Rent Calculator | True Cost | True Cost